Пассивный залог (грамматика) — Английский язык, 9 класс

Страдательный залог во всех временах, пассив с модальными глаголами и фразовые глаголы в пассиве. 100 заданий на отработку.

Простыми словами

«Дедушка сделал эти фото» — важно, кто сделал. «Эти фото были сделаны дедушкой» — важно, что случилось с фото. Второй вариант — пассив (страдательный залог): подлежащее не действует само, а «получает» действие.

be (в нужном времени) + V_{3}

меняется только be;

V_{3}

— третья форма смыслового глагола

Одна формула — все времена

Время	Схема	Пример
Present Simple	am / is / are + $V_{3}$	The letters are delivered every morning.
Past Simple	was / were + $V_{3}$	These photographs were taken by my grandfather.
Future Simple	will be + $V_{3}$	The work will be finished tomorrow.
Present Continuous	am / is / are being + $V_{3}$	Our car is being repaired at the moment.
Past Continuous	was / were being + $V_{3}$	The road was being built when we came.
Present Perfect	have / has been + $V_{3}$	The results have been announced.
Past Perfect	had been + $V_{3}$	The documents had been signed.
с модальным	must / can / should be + $V_{3}$	The work must be done before Monday.

Our car ___ at the moment, so we came by bus.
Машину чинят (сама не чинит) → пассив.
at the moment → Present Continuous → is being repaired.

Без be или без третьей формы пассива нет: The parcel is deliver yesterday — неверно (нужно was delivered). Do в пассиве не появляется: Where was this photo taken?

By или with

byкто выполнил: The portrait was painted by a famous artist.

withчем, каким инструментом: The window was broken with a stone. The note was written with a pencil.

Устойчивые пары: filled with, covered with, decorated with; surrounded by, followed by, influenced by.

Пассив с предлогами

Если глагол управляет предлогом, в пассиве предлог остаётся сразу после третьей формы — «повисает» в конце.

Актив	Пассив
A nurse looked after the child.	The child was looked after by a nurse.
They took care of the children.	The children were taken care of.
They sent for the doctor.	The doctor was sent for at once.
Everybody laughed at him.	He was laughed at by everybody.
People often talk about it.	It is often talked about.

The children were taken care ___ during the whole trip. → take care of → предлог остаётся: of.

Предлог «прилип» к глаголу и в пассиве не отрывается. Повисший в конце предлог — не ошибка, а признак правильного английского пассива.

Примеры заданий

Это несколько заданий из тренажёра, остальные — в тренажёре в начале страницы.

Выберите форму страдательного залога.

Our car ___ at the moment, so we came by bus.

repairs
was repaired
is repaired
is being repaired

Показать ответ

Ответ: is being repaired
Решение. Верно: Our car is being repaired at the moment, so we came by bus. Оборот at the moment требует Present Continuous Passive: is being plus третья форма.

Определите, правильно ли построен страдательный залог.

The parcel is deliver yesterday.

Верно
Неверно

Показать ответ

Ответ: Неверно
Решение. В предложении ошибка. Нужен Past Simple Passive: was delivered yesterday.

Найдите единственное верное предложение со страдательным залогом.

The results have been announce.
The results are been announced.
The results have been announced.
The results has been announced.

Показать ответ

Ответ: The results have been announced.
Решение. Верно: The results have been announced. Подлежащее во множественном числе требует have been.

Вставьте предлог, которого требует конструкция.

The children were taken care ___ during the whole trip.

with
about
for
of

Показать ответ

Ответ: of
Решение. Верно: The children were taken care of during the whole trip. Устойчивое сочетание take care of в пассиве сохраняет предлог of.

Пассивный залог: полная система времён, пассив с предлогами

Простыми словами

Одна формула — все времена

By или with

Пассив с предлогами

Примеры заданий